Debunking Zswap uye Zram Ngano

Nhanganyaya: Kuchenesa Mhepo paLinux Memory Management

Mukutsvaga kusinganeti kwekuita kwakaringana, kunyanya mukati menzvimbo dzinoziva zviwanikwa zvakaita semidziyo yemakore, mashini chaiwo, uye nzvimbo dzekushandira dzekuvandudza, vatariri veLinux nevagadziri vanogara vachigadzirisa masisitimu avo. Zvishandiso zviviri zvine simba zvinowanzopinda muhurukuro Zswap neZram. Kunyange zvazvo ari matekinoroji ane hukama ane chinangwa chekudzikisa ndangariro, mhute yemafungiro asiri iwo inovakomberedza. Kunzwisisa chokwadi kwakakosha, sezvo kusarongeka kunogona kutungamira mukuderedzwa kwekuita panzvimbo pekuwana. Sezvinongoita modular bhizinesi OS seMewayz inotsamira pane akajeka, anoshanda maitiro ekugadzirisa mashandiro, yako Linux system inoenderana nekunzwisisa kwakajeka kweiyo yakakosha zvikamu kuti ifambe zvakanaka. Ngatikurukurei ngano dzinonyanyozivikanwa pamusoro peZswap neZram.

Nhema 1: Zram neZswap Chinhu Chimwechete

Izvi zvimwe ndizvo zvinonyanya kutaurwa zvisirizvo. Nepo matekinoroji ese ari maviri achishandisa compression kugadzirisa kushomeka kwendangariro, iwo akakosha ekuvaka uye mabasa akasiyana. Zram, yaimbonzi "compressed cache for memory," inogadzira virtual, compressed block device mu RAM. Kana iyo sisitimu ichida nzvimbo yekuchinja, inoshandisa iyi zram mudziyo pachinzvimbo che (kana pamberi) kunyora kune inononoka disk-based swap file. Kutsikirira nekudzikisira kunoitika mundangariro, zvinova zvakakurumidza kudarika dhisiki I/O.

Zswap, nerumwe rutivi, inoita sekumberi-kumashure cache yechinhu chinochinjanisa muviri (sefaera rekuchinja paSSD). Kana peji rakatemerwa kuchinjirwa kunze, Zswap inotanga kuedza kuimanikidza. Kana kudzvanya kwakabudirira, peji inochengetwa mune yakatsaurirwa dziva rekurangarira. Chete kana dziva reZswap rakazara kana peji risingapindiki rinonyorerwa kudhisiki rekuchinja. Funga nezveZram seyakatsaurirwa, yepamusoro-soro RAM-dhisiki rekuchinja, nepo Zswap iri yakangwara, mu-mundangariro buffer yechinyakare disk-based swap.

Nhema 2: Kugonesa Zram kana Zswap Kugara Kunovandudza Kuita

Iri kuyedza kufunga kuti kuwedzera dhizaini yekumanikidza kunozogara zvichikonzera kukurumidza kukurumidza, asi ichi hachisi chokwadi chepasirese. Kubatsira kwekuita kunoenderana zvakanyanya nebasa rako uye Hardware. The core trade-off iri pakati peCPU cycles uye I/O latency. Kudzvanya nekudzikisa data kunoda simba reCPU.

• Mamiriro Anobatsira: Pamasisitimu ane maCPU anokurumidza asi akaganhurirwa RAM kana kunonoka kuchengetedza (semuenzaniso, eMMC kana HDD), mutengo wekumanikidza wakadzikira zvakanyanya pane chirango chekunonoka disk I/O. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mumidziyo isingaremi, muchina chaiwo, nemalaptop ekare.
• Zvingangoitika Pitfalls: Pane sisitimu ine RAM yakawandisa isingawanzo chinjana, pamusoro peiyo compression algorithms imutengo chaiwo pasina pundutso. Saizvozvo, kana uine NVMe SSD inomhanya zvakanyanya, gap rekuita pakati pe-in-memory compression uye disk I/O rinotetepa, zvichiita kuti mukana weZswap usanyanya kutaurwa.

Kugadzirisa masisitimu nemazvo, sekumisikidza chikuva chinochinjika senge Mewayz, zvinoda kunzwisisa mashandisiro chaiwo pane kushandisa imwe-saizi-inokodzera-yese mhinduro.

Nhema 3: Unofanira Kushandisa Zram uye Zswap Pamwe Chete Kuti Uwane Mhedzisiro Yakakura

Kugadziridza uku hakusi kungoshaikwa; zvinogona kukanganisa. Kushandisa Zram senzvimbo yekuchinjana kune sisitimu iyo zvakare ine Zswap inogoneswa inogadzira isingashande cheni yekushanda. Fungidzira peji ichidzingwa mundangariro: yaizotanga yakatsikirirwa mudziva reZswap muRAM, yozongofambiswa zvakare mumudziyo weZram, uri muRAM zvakare. Izvi zvinowedzera kuoma kusingakoshi uye CPU pamusoro pasina purofiti inobatika.

Kiyi ndeyekusarudza chishandiso chakakodzera chebasa racho: shandisa Zram kana iwe uchida yakachena mu-memory swap mhinduro, uye shandisa Zswap kana iwe uchida kumhanyisa iripo disk-based swap setup. Idzo dzimwe nzira, kwete dzinozadzisa.

Imwe nzira inoshanda ndeyekusarudza imwe zvichienderana neprofile system yako. Zram yakanakira masisitimu kwaunoda kudzivirira disk swap zvachose. Zswap yakanakira masisitimu ane chikamu chekuchinjana chemuviri chiripo asi iwe unoda kuderedza kushandiswa kwayo.

Nhema 4: Aya Tekinoroji ndeeChete-Yakaderera Memory Machina

Kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti Zram yakawana mukurumbira pamidziyo ine RAM shoma, senge Raspberry Pis uye yakaderera-magumo Chromebooks, kushandiswa kwayo kunosvika kure. Muzvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano, kushanda zvakanaka kunokosha. Kunzvimbo dzakakwirira-dzinochengeterwa midziyo, dzakadai sedzinotungamirwa nepuratifomu seMewayz, mashandisiro endangariro anobudirira anoshandura zvakananga mukuchengeta mari uye kuwanda kwepamusoro. Nekushandisa Zram, unogona kupfuudza ndangariro zvinobudirira, uchibvumira mamwe mabasa kuti amhanye pane imwe chete host pasina kukonzeresa kunonoka dhisiki swapping. Hazvisi zvekungopona uine RAM shoma; ndezvekugadzirisa mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa kuti uwane zvakawanda nezvauinazvo. Iyi misimboti yekuwedzera kugona kubva kune yako yakakosha zvikamu zvakakosha kuLinux kernel sezvazviri kune modular bhizinesi inoshanda sisitimu yakagadzirirwa kukwenenzvera mafambisirwo akaomarara.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Nhanganyaya: Kuchenesa Mhepo paLinux Memory Management

Mukutsvaga kusinganeti kwekuita kwakaringana, kunyanya mukati menzvimbo dzinoziva zviwanikwa zvakaita semidziyo yemakore, mashini chaiwo, uye nzvimbo dzekushandira dzekuvandudza, vatariri veLinux nevagadziri vanogara vachigadzirisa masisitimu avo. Zvishandiso zviviri zvine simba zvinowanzopinda muhurukuro Zswap neZram. Kunyange zvazvo ari matekinoroji ane hukama ane chinangwa chekudzikisa ndangariro, mhute yemafungiro asiri iwo inovakomberedza. Kunzwisisa chokwadi kwakakosha, sezvo kusarongeka kunogona kutungamira mukuderedzwa kwekuita panzvimbo pekuwana. Sezvinongoita modular bhizinesi OS seMewayz inotsamira pane akajeka, anoshanda maitiro ekugadzirisa mashandiro, yako Linux system inoenderana nekunzwisisa kwakajeka kweiyo yakakosha zvikamu kuti ifambe zvakanaka. Ngatikurukurei ngano dzinonyanyozivikanwa pamusoro peZswap neZram.

Nhema 1: Zram neZswap Chinhu Chimwechete

Izvi zvimwe ndizvo zvinonyanya kutaurwa zvisirizvo. Nepo matekinoroji ese ari maviri achishandisa compression kugadzirisa kushomeka kwendangariro, iwo akakosha ekuvaka uye mabasa akasiyana. Zram, yaimbonzi "compressed cache for memory," inogadzira chaiyo, yakadzvanywa block mudziyo mu RAM. Kana iyo sisitimu ichida nzvimbo yekuchinja, inoshandisa iyi zram mudziyo pachinzvimbo che (kana pamberi) kunyora kune inononoka disk-based swap file. Kutsikirira nekudzikisira kunoitika mundangariro, zvinova zvakakurumidza kudarika dhisiki I/O.

Nhema 2: Kugonesa Zram kana Zswap Kunogara Kunovandudza Kuita

Iri kuyedza kufunga kuti kuwedzera dhizaini yekumanikidza kunozogara zvichikonzera kukurumidza kukurumidza, asi ichi hachisi chokwadi chepasirese. Kubatsira kwekuita kunoenderana zvakanyanya nebasa rako uye Hardware. Iyo yakakosha yekutengesa-off iri pakati peCPU kutenderera uye I / O latency. Kudzvanya nekudzikisa data kunoda simba reCPU.

Nhema 3: Unofanira Kushandisa Zram uye Zswap Together for Maximum Effect

Kugadziridza uku hakusi kungoshaikwa; zvinogona kukanganisa. Kushandisa Zram senzvimbo yekuchinjana kune sisitimu iyo zvakare ine Zswap inogoneswa inogadzira isingashande cheni yekushanda. Fungidzira peji ichidzingwa mundangariro: yaizotanga yakatsikirirwa mudziva reZswap muRAM, yozongofambiswa zvakare mumudziyo weZram, uri muRAM zvakare. Izvi zvinowedzera kuoma kusingakoshi uye CPU pamusoro pasina purofiti inobatika.

Nhema 4: Aya Tekinoroji Ndeechete-Yakaderera Memory Machina

Kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti Zram yakawana mukurumbira pamidziyo ine RAM shoma, senge Raspberry Pis uye yakaderera-magumo Chromebooks, kushandiswa kwayo kunosvika kure. Muzvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano, kushanda zvakanaka kunokosha. Kunzvimbo dzakakwirira-dzinochengeterwa midziyo, dzakadai sedzinotungamirwa nepuratifomu seMewayz, mashandisiro endangariro anobudirira anoshandura zvakananga mukuchengeta mari uye kuwanda kwepamusoro. Nekushandisa Zram, unogona kupfuudza ndangariro zvinobudirira, uchibvumira mamwe mabasa kuti amhanye pane imwe chete host pasina kukonzeresa kunonoka dhisiki swapping. Hazvisi zvekungopona uine RAM shoma; ndezvekugadzirisa mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa kuti uwane zvakawanda nezvauinazvo. Iyi misimboti yekuwedzera kugona kubva kune yako yakakosha zvikamu zvakakosha kuLinux kernel sezvazviri kune modular bhizinesi inoshanda sisitimu yakagadzirirwa kukwenenzvera mafambisirwo akaomarara.