I-Debunking Zswap kunye neZram Myths

Intshayelelo: Ukucoca uMoya kuLawulo lweMemori yeLinux

Kusukelo olungayekeleliyo lokusebenza ngeyona ndlela, ngakumbi ngaphakathi kubume bezinto ezingqongileyo ezifana nezikhongozeli zelifu, oomatshini ababonakalayo, kunye neendawo zokusebenza zophuhliso, abalawuli beLinux kunye nabaphuhlisi bahlala belungisa iinkqubo zabo. Izixhobo ezibini ezinamandla ezihlala zingena kwincoko yiZswap kunye neZram. Ngelixa beziitekhnoloji ezinxulumeneyo ezijolise ekwehliseni uxinzelelo lwenkumbulo, inkungu yeembono ezingalunganga ibangqongileyo. Ukuqonda inyani kubalulekile, njengoko ukungalungiswa kakuhle kunokukhokelela ekuthotyweni komsebenzi endaweni yeenzuzo. Kanye njengemodyuli ye-OS yeshishini efana ne-Mewayz ixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezicacileyo, ezisebenzayo zokulungelelanisa ukusebenza, inkqubo yakho ye-Linux ixhomekeke ekuqondeni okucacileyo kwamacandelo ayo angundoqo ukuze aqhube kakuhle. Masixoxise ezona ntsomi zixhaphakileyo malunga neZswap kunye neZram.

Intsomi 1: I-Zram kunye ne-Zswap Ziyinto enye

Le mhlawumbi yeyona ixhaphakileyo yokungaqondi. Ngelixa zombini itekhnoloji isebenzisa ucinezelo ukulungisa ukunqongophala kwememori, ulwakhiwo lwabo olusisiseko kunye neendima zabo zahlukile. I-Zram, eyayibizwa ngokuba "i-cache ecinezelekileyo yememori," yenza i-virtual, i-compressed block device kwi-RAM. Xa isixokelelwano sifuna indawo yokutshintsha, isebenzisa esi sixhobo sezram endaweni (okanye ngaphambi) ukubhala kwifayile ecothayo yokutshintsha okusekwe kwidiski. Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lwenzeka ngokupheleleyo kwinkumbulo, ekhawuleza kakhulu kunedisk I/O.

I-Zswap, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yenza njenge-i-cache yangaphambili yesixhobo sokutshintshana ngokomzimba (njengefayile yokutshintsha kwi-SSD). Xa iphepha lityatyelwe ukuba litshintshwe, iZswap izama kuqala ukuyicinezela. Ukuba ucinezelo luphumelele, iphepha ligcinwa kwimemori pool ezinikeleyo. Kuphela ukuba i-pool ye-Zswap igcwele okanye iphepha alicinezeleki libhaliwe kwidiski yokutshintsha okubonakalayo. Cinga nge-Zram njengendawo ezinikeleyo, enesantya esiphezulu se-RAM-disk yokutshintsha, ngelixa i-Zswap iyisithinteli esilumkileyo, esikwimemori yokutshintsha okusekwe kwidiski yemveli.

Intsomi yesi-2: Ukwenza i-Zram okanye i-Zswap isoloko iphucula iNtsebenzo

Kuyahenda ukucinga ukuba ukongeza umaleko wokucinezela kuya kuhlala kukhokelela ekunyuseni kwesantya, kodwa oku akuyonyani yendalo yonke. Inzuzo yokusebenza ixhomekeke kakhulu kumthwalo wakho womsebenzi kunye nehardware. Urhwebo oluphambili luphakathiImijikelezo ye-CPU kunye ne-I / O latency. Ukucinezela kunye nokunciphisa idatha kufuna amandla e-CPU.

• Iimeko eziluncedo: Kwiinkqubo ezine-CPU ezikhawulezayo kodwa i-RAM encinci okanye ukugcinwa okucothayo (umzekelo, eMMC okanye i-HDD), ixabiso loxinzelelo liphantsi kakhulu kunesohlwayo se-disk ecothayo I / O. Oku kuxhaphakile kwizikhongozeli ezikhaphukhaphu, koomatshini ababonakalayo, kunye neelaptop ezindala.
• Imigibe enokwenzeka: Kwinkqubo ene-RAM eninzi engafane itshintshe, i-overhead ye-compression algorithms yindleko emsulwa engenanzuzo. Ngokufanayo, ukuba une-NVMe SSD ekhawulezayo kakhulu, umsantsa wokusebenza phakathi koxinzelelo lwenkumbulo kunye nediski ye-I/O iyacutha, oko kunokwenza ukuba inzuzo yeZswap ibonakale kancinci.

Ukuqwalasela ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo, kufana nokuqwalasela iqonga eliguquguqukayo elifana ne-Mewayz, lifuna ukuqonda imeko ethile yokusetyenziswa kunokusebenzisa isisombululo sobukhulu obunye.

Intsomi yesi-3: Kufuneka usebenzise i-Zram kunye ne-Zswap Ndawonye ngeMpembelelo ephezulu

Olu lungelelwaniso alufuneki nje; kunokuba luncedo. Ukusebenzisa i-Zram njengendawo yokutshintshela yesixokelelwano ekwanikwe amandla i-Zswap idala umxokelelwane ongasebenziyo. Yiba nomfanekiso wephepha elikhutshiweyo kwinkumbulo: liya kuqala licinezelwe kwichibi le-Zswap kwi-RAM, linokuthi liphinde lihanjiswe kwakhona kwisixhobo se-Zram, esikwakwi-RAM. Oku kongeza ubunzima obungeyomfuneko kunye ne-CPU engaphezulu ngaphandle kwenzuzo ebambekayo.

Isitshixo kukukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo somsebenzi: sebenzisa i-Zram xa ufuna isisombululo esicocekileyo sememori yokutshintsha, kwaye sebenzisa i-Zswap xa ufuna ukukhawulezisa ucwangciso olukhoyo lwe-disk-based swap. Ziindlela ezizezinye, azipheleli.

Eyona ndlela isebenzayo kukukhetha enye ngokusekelwe kwiprofayile yesixokelelwano sakho. I-Zram igqwesileyo kwiinkqubo apho ufuna ukunqanda ukutshintshana kwedisk ngokupheleleyo. I-Zswap ilungele iinkqubo apho ulwahlulo lokutshintsha ngokwasemzimbeni lukhona kodwa ufuna ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwalo.

Intsomi yesi-4: Ezi teknoloji zezoomatshini beMemori ePhantsi kuphela

Ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba i-Zram ifumene ukuthandwa kwizixhobo ezine-RAM encinci, njengeRaspberry Pis kunye ne-Chromebooks enesiphelo esisezantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kudlulela ngaphaya. Kwiziseko ezingundoqo zanamhlanje, ukusebenza kakuhle kubaluleke kakhulu. Kwiindawo ezinoxinano oluphezulu, ezifana nezo zilawulwa liqonga elifana neMewayz, ukusetyenziswa kwememori okusebenzayo kuguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kugcino lweendleko kunye noxinano oluphezulu. Ngokusebenzisa i-Zram, unokuyigqithisela inkumbulo ngokusebenzayo ngakumbi, uvumela umthwalo omninzi ukuba usebenze kumamkeli omnye ngaphandle kokuqalisa ukutshintshana okucothayo kwedisk. Ayikokusinda nje nge-RAM encinci; imalunga nokwenza ngcono ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi ukuze ufezekise ngakumbi ngale nto unayo. Lo mgaqo wokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kumacandelo akho angundoqo ubaluleke kakhulu kwi-Linux kernel njengoko unjalo kwimodyuli yenkqubo yokusebenza yeshishini eyilelwe ukufezekisa ukuqhutywa komsebenzi onzima.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Intshayelelo: Ukucoca uMoya kuLawulo lweMemori yeLinux

Kusukelo olungayekeleliyo lokusebenza ngeyona ndlela, ngakumbi ngaphakathi kubume bezinto ezingqongileyo ezifana nezikhongozeli zelifu, oomatshini ababonakalayo, kunye neendawo zokusebenza zophuhliso, abalawuli beLinux kunye nabaphuhlisi bahlala belungisa iinkqubo zabo. Izixhobo ezibini ezinamandla ezihlala zingena kwincoko yiZswap kunye neZram. Ngelixa beziitekhnoloji ezinxulumeneyo ezijolise ekwehliseni uxinzelelo lwenkumbulo, inkungu yeembono ezingalunganga ibangqongileyo. Ukuqonda inyani kubalulekile, njengoko ukungalungiswa kakuhle kunokukhokelela ekuthotyweni komsebenzi endaweni yeenzuzo. Kanye njengemodyuli ye-OS yeshishini efana ne-Mewayz ixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezicacileyo, ezisebenzayo zokulungelelanisa ukusebenza, inkqubo yakho ye-Linux ixhomekeke ekuqondeni okucacileyo kwamacandelo ayo angundoqo ukuze aqhube kakuhle. Masixoxise ezona ntsomi zixhaphakileyo malunga neZswap kunye neZram.

Intsomi 1: I-Zram kunye ne-Zswap Ziyinto enye

Le mhlawumbi yeyona ixhaphakileyo yokungaqondi. Ngelixa zombini itekhnoloji isebenzisa ucinezelo ukulungisa ukunqongophala kwememori, ulwakhiwo lwabo olusisiseko kunye neendima zabo zahlukile. I-Zram, eyayifudula ibizwa ngokuba "yi-cache ecinezelweyo yememori," yenza isixhobo esibonakalayo, esicinezelweyo kwi-RAM. Xa isixokelelwano sifuna indawo yokutshintsha, isebenzisa esi sixhobo sezram endaweni (okanye ngaphambi) ukubhala kwifayile ecothayo yokutshintsha okusekwe kwidiski. Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lwenzeka ngokupheleleyo kwinkumbulo, ekhawuleza kakhulu kunedisk I/O.

Intsomi yesi-2: Ukwenza i-Zram okanye i-Zswap isoloko iphucula iNtsebenzo

Kuyahenda ukucinga ukuba ukongeza umaleko wokucinezela kuya kuhlala kukhokelela ekunyuseni kwesantya, kodwa oku akuyonyani yendalo yonke. Inzuzo yokusebenza ixhomekeke kakhulu kumthwalo wakho womsebenzi kunye nehardware. Urhwebo olungundoqo luphakathi kwemijikelo ye-CPU kunye ne-I/O latency. Ukucinezela kunye nokunciphisa idatha kufuna amandla e-CPU.

Intsomi yesi-3: Kufuneka usebenzise i-Zram kunye ne-Zswap Ndawonye ngesiphumo esiphezulu

Olu lungelelwaniso alufuneki nje; kunokuba luncedo. Ukusebenzisa i-Zram njengendawo yokutshintshela yesixokelelwano ekwanikwe amandla i-Zswap idala umxokelelwane ongasebenziyo. Yiba nomfanekiso wephepha elikhutshiweyo kwinkumbulo: liya kuqala licinezelwe kwichibi le-Zswap kwi-RAM, linokuthi liphinde lihanjiswe kwakhona kwisixhobo se-Zram, esikwakwi-RAM. Oku kongeza ubunzima obungeyomfuneko kunye ne-CPU engaphezulu ngaphandle kwenzuzo ebambekayo.

Intsomi yesi-4: Ezi Tekhnoloji zezoomatshini beMemori ePhantsi kuphela

Ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba i-Zram ifumene ukuthandwa kwizixhobo ezine-RAM encinci, njengeRaspberry Pis kunye ne-Chromebooks enesiphelo esisezantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kudlulela ngaphaya. Kwiziseko ezingundoqo zanamhlanje, ukusebenza kakuhle kubaluleke kakhulu. Kwiindawo ezinoxinano oluphezulu, ezifana nezo zilawulwa liqonga elifana neMewayz, ukusetyenziswa kwememori okusebenzayo kuguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kugcino lweendleko kunye noxinano oluphezulu. Ngokusebenzisa i-Zram, unokuyigqithisela inkumbulo ngokusebenzayo ngakumbi, uvumela umthwalo omninzi ukuba usebenze kumamkeli omnye ngaphandle kokuqalisa ukutshintshana okucothayo kwedisk. Ayikokusinda nje nge-RAM encinci; imalunga nokwenza ngcono ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi ukuze ufezekise ngakumbi ngale nto unayo. Lo mgaqo wokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kumacandelo akho angundoqo ubaluleke kakhulu kwi-Linux kernel njengoko unjalo kwimodyuli yenkqubo yokusebenza yeshishini eyilelwe ukufezekisa ukuqhutywa komsebenzi onzima.

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